The stem was elevated to the north, south, west, and east, a ceremonial dance was then performed by the Chiefs and Headmen,.... [then] the pipe was presented to us, and stroked by our hands. After the stroking had been completed,the Indians sat down in front of the Council tent, satisfied that in accordance with their custom we had accepted the friendship of the Cree nation.*
Internet
Resources
The internet can be an overwhelming and often frustrating source of information. The links to below have been carefully selected because of their relevance to cultural property issues and Aboriginal topics in general.

ABORIGINAL PORTAL CANADA
This site is operated by the Government of Canada. It brings together a wide range of reasonably well vetted links organized into broad topics.

NATIVE STUDIES RESOURCES
This collection of internet sites was developed by the School of Native Studies at the University of Alberta as a research resource. The links are organized into six types according to sources.

KLA-SOMS KWATH TOOQEN
"answer with strength"

This site is a result of collaboration between the Sliammon First Nation on the Northern Strait of Georgia in BC and Ecotrust Canada. The site offers a number of papers on the Duty to Consult.

ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
This journal is operated by the Oxford Intellectual Property Research Centre. The journal offers free acces to a large collection of vetted articles on intellectual property rights. Make sure to visit the links page.

UPDATE OF COMPILATION OF STATE REPATRIATION, REBURIAL AND GRAVE PROTECTION LAWS
This site provides an excellent overview of federal and all state legislation in the US related to repatriation and reburial issues. Cites and summaries for legislation in each state are available on the site.
ABORIGINAL LAW & LEGISLATION
This site is run by Bill Henderson, a lawyer who has practiced Aboriginal law for a number of years. He has provided an excellent summary of Canadian case law and legislation related to Aboriginal issues as well as a general summary of New Zealand, Australian, and American Aboriginal law.
AMERICAN INDIAN RITUAL OBJECT
REPATRIATION FOUNDATION

A consortium of distinguished Native and non-Native scholars from across the United States have developed this site in order to educate about repatriation issues and to facilitate the return of ritual objects to Indian Nations. There is a very useful set of links and the foundation has produced a guide for those seeking the return of objects under NAGPRA.
ASSEMBLY OF FIRST NATIONS
Generally this site provides information about the activities of the AFN. With respect to repatriation and cultural issues it is best to click on "Resolutions" where one can search all AFN resolutions by keyword. Search using "Cultural Property" and more than 100 related resolutions come up.
INDIGENOUS PEOPLES COUNCIL ON BIOCOLONIALISM
The IPCB is organized to assist indigenous peoples in the protection of their genetic resources, indigenous knowledge, cultural and human rights from the negative effects of biotechnology. The IPCB provides educational and technical support to indigenous peoples in the protection of their biological resources, cultural integrity, knowledge and collective rights.

WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION
The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is an international organization dedicated to promoting the use and protection of works of the human spirit. These works – intellectual property – are expanding the bounds of science and technology and enriching the world of the arts. Through its work, WIPO plays an important role in enhancing the quality and enjoyment of life, as well as creating real wealth for nations.
 
AUSTRALIAN LEGAL INFORMATION INSTITUTE
This site offers an excellent on-line database of legislation, case law, and other treaties. Most of the documents are available in full text format.

CENTRE FOR WORLD INDIGENOUS STUDIES
The Centre's site offers a broad range of resources and information relating to the state of the Indigenous peoples around the world.

ALLIANCE FOR NATIVE AMERICAN INDIAN RIGHTS
This non-profit, all-volunteer, intertribal organization is dedicated to preserving and protecting Native American burial grounds and other culturally significant places. This site provides an interesting chronical of a grassroots effort to preserve cultural heritage.

CULTURAL PROPERTY ADVISORY COMMITTEE
The committee is a part of the US government's Information Agency and is responsible for implementing the 1970 UNESCO Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property. The site offers a number of useful resources on cultural property issues around the world.
NATIONAL ARCHEOLOGICAL DATABASE: NAGPRA
Hosted by the US National Park Service, this site is an invalube resource, bringing together all essential documents related to the implementation of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act throughout the United States. Documents include committee reports, Senate and House of Rep. reports, guidelines, and regulations. There is also a searchable database of NAGRPA consultations with Indian Nations throughout the US.
PROTECTING KNOWLEDGE
TRADITIONAL RESOURCE RIGHTS IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM

This is the website for the above conference that took place in British Columbia in February of 2000. The site provides a very useful set of links related to traditional resources and a broad selection of the papers delivered at the conference are available in full text PDF format.
NATIVE AMERICAN REPATRIATION & REBURIAL: A BIBLIOGRAPHY (STANFORD)
A great starting point for research into cultural property and repatriation issues in the United States.
PROPOSED AMERICAN DECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES
A copy of the declaration produced by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, an Organization of American States body.
ABOUT.COM: REPATRIATION AND NAGPRA
A good basic collection of sites related to repatriation and NAGPRA.

REPATRIATION PROGRAM AT THE SMITHSONIAN
The website of the repatriation program at the Smithsonian. Provides an interesting look at the museum's efforts to comply with the National Museum of the American Indian Act.

CANADIAN MUSEUM OF CIVILIZATION
The above link will take you directly to the museum's First Peoples section. Using the search feature on the top lefthand corner of the site leads to a number of documents related to repatriation and cultural property.
GLENBOW MUSEUM
This link will take you to the Niitoy-yiss exhibit on Blackfoot tipis which was developed jointly between the Glenbow and the Nitsitapii. If you want to visit the museum's main page just click on the Glenbow logo.
ABORIGINAL PEOPLES GALLERY: PROVINCIAL MUSEUM OF ALBERTA
This site provides a basic overview of the PMA's new Aboriginal Peoples Gallery that was developed with the involvement of an Aboriginal Advisory Board. The site contains no statements of policy regarding cultural property or repatriation issues.
A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF HISTORICAL ARCHEOLOGY IN NORTH AMERICA, NORTH OF MEXICO
An extensive bibliography related to historical archeology sponsored and posted on the internet by the Society for Historical Archaeology.
TURTLE ISLAND NATIVE NETWORK: CULTURE
A very large and loosley organized collection of internet resources related to the protection, revitalization, and repatriation of Aboriginal cultures in North America.

UNITED NATIONS OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS
Two particulary useful search engines on this enable visitors to search a wealth of UN documents.

DEPARTMENT OF CANADIAN HERITAGE
A Government of Canada website. The best way to find information on this site is use the search function. There are also a few cultural property related statutes in the legislation section.
DEPARTMENT OF INDIAN AND NORTHERN AFFAIRS
A Government of Canada website. This particular website contains an overwhelming amount of material regarding First Nations. The best way to find relevant material is to use the search function. Here is a direct link to a helpful research document prepared by the Department: A Community Guide for Protecting Indigenouse Knowledge.

INNOVATION LAW FORUM: TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND BIODIVERSITY
This portion of the Forum's webiste provides a useful list of reports and studies on TEK and biodiversity produced by government agencies, academics, and other organizaions.

INDIAN AND NORTHERN AFFAIRS CANADA: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND ABORIGINAL PEOPLE - A WORKING PAPER
A report produced by INAC on intellectual property addressing a number of issues ranging from the "Aboriginal perspective" to "copyright law".

NATIVE AMERICAN RESOURCES
This site offers a wide collection of internet resources. The two topic areas most related to cultural property are the "Culture" and "Indigenous Knowledge" links.

 

CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
One of the key agreements adopted at the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio was the Convention on Biological Diversity. The Convention establishes three main goals: the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components, and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits from the use of genetic resources.
This website provides the convention text and a wealth of material on biodiversity.
Main 
 News and Events
Case Studies &
Community Partners
 Workshop Proceedings
 Research Partners
 Bibliography
 Canadian Legislation
 Internet Resources
 Research Papers
 

*Lt. Gov. Morris' description of the opening pipe ceremonyat the negotiations which led to signing of Treaty 6. CANADA, ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 1876.p liv


This project is funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada.
Photograph of Pipe: Glenbow Archives NA-668-61